Post by Marquis on Feb 6, 2004 3:21:25 GMT
Becoming the Ally of All Beings
A teaching on the interconnectedness of all things by Sharon Salzberg
In the Buddhist tradition, bodhisattvas are those who, aspiring to enlightenment, make a resolve, "I vow to attain full enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings." That is a pretty incredible vow! It means that we recognize our own liberation is intertwined with the liberation of all beings without exception. It means that, rather than seeing other beings as adversaries, we must see them as colleagues in this endeavor of freedom. Rather than viewing others with fear or contempt, which arises from a belief in separation, we see them as part of who we ourselves are. Seeing the truth of this fundamental interconnectedness is what is known in the Eightfold Path as right view.
The Buddha said, "Just as the dawn is the forerunner and the first indication of the rising sun, so is right view the forerunner and the first indication of wholesome states." As dawn leads to sunrise, seeing the truth of our interconnectedness leads to the mind-state of lovingkindness that characterizes the bodhisattva. With lovingkindness we become the ally of all beings everywhere. We might think, "That's impossible. How can I be the ally of those who have hurt me personally, or of those who seem to intentionally hurt others? How can I care about countless beings?"
True, the bodhisattva aspiration does seem to be up against some insurmountable odds. A friend expressed this once to me when we were standing in Red Square in Moscow, which was teeming with people. There were exotic-looking gypsies and people who appeared to be stepping out of another century walking right alongside contemporary business people. Overwhelmed by the sheer numbers and the incredible variety of people, my friend turned to me and said, "I think I'm giving up my bodhisattva vow."
It may seem impossible to genuinely care about all beings everywhere. But developing the heart of lovingkindness is not about straining, not about gritting your teeth and, though seething with anger, somehow covering it over with a positive sentiment. Lovingkindness is a capacity we all have. We only have to see things as they actually are.
When we take the time to be quiet, to be still, we begin to see the web of conditions, which is the force of life itself, as it comes together to produce each moment. When we look deeply, we see constant change; we look into the face of impermanence, insubstantiality, lack of solidity. As the Buddha pointed out, given this truth, trying to control that which can never be controlled will not give us security or safety, will not give us final happiness. In fact, trying to control ever-changing and insubstantial phenomena is what gives rise to our sense of isolation and fragmentation. When we try to hold on to something that is crumbling or falling apart, and we see that not only is it crumbling but we are changing in just the same way, then there's fear, terror, separation and a lot of suffering.
If we re-vision our world and our relationship to it so that we are no longer trying to fruitlessly control but rather are connecting deeply to things as they are, then we see through the insubstantiality of all things to our fundamental interconnectedness. Being fully connected to our own experience, excluding no aspect of it, guides us right through to our connectedness with all beings. There are no barriers; there is no separation. We are not standing apart from anything or anyone. We are never alone in our suffering, and we are not alone in our joy, because all of life is a swirl of conditions, a swirl of mutual influences coming together and coming apart. By going to the heart of any one thing, we see all things. We see the very nature of life.
There was a monk in the Buddha's time, it is said, who originally came from an extremely wealthy aristocratic family. Because he had lived a very pampered life, he was ignorant about some of the simplest things, which made him the object of much teasing by the other monks. One day they asked him, "Where does rice come from, brother?" He replied, "It comes from a golden bowl." And when they asked him, "Where does milk come from, brother?" he answered, "It comes from a silver bowl."
In some ways, our own perceptions about the nature of existence may be a bit like those of that monk. When we attempt to understand how our lives work, if we do not look closely, we may see only superficial connections and relationships forming our world. Upon closer examination, we come to understand that each aspect of our present reality arises not from "golden and silver bowls" but rather from a vast ocean of conditions that come together and come apart at every moment. Seeing this is the root of compassion and lovingkindness. All things, when seen clearly, are not independent but rather are interdependent with all other things, with the universe, with life itself.
At the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the Insight Meditation Society, some young adults planted a tree in the garden. When we look at that tree, we can see it as a distinct and separate object, standing alone, a singular thing. But on another level of perception, its existence is the consequence and the manifestation of a subtle net of relationships. The idea to plant the tree had arisen in someone's mind as a thought one day, and the idea for some young people to plant it had arisen in my mind another day. The earth that received the tree had been nurtured by a succession of people who had lived at or visited IMS. The twentieth anniversary came to pass because of the enthusiasm and support of so many people over so many years. Each of the young adults who planted the tree had come to have a connection with meditation through varying life experiences.
The tree is now affected by the rain that falls upon it, by the wind that moves through and around it. It is affected by the weather and by the quality of air. We know that pollution creates acid rain, which impacts our tree. We hear that a variable as subtle as a butterfly flapping its wings in China affects the weather pattern in Massachusetts, and so events on the other side of the planet are affecting our tree. Every individual who now sees or touches the tree has arrived at IMS as the result of many forces in the universe converging to make his or her visit possible.
In the same way, we are all part of each other's life and journey toward liberation. One of my favorite things to do when I am sitting in front of a hall full of meditation students is to sense how many beings brought us all together there in one way or another. How many friends, loved ones, people we've had difficulty with, have in some way influenced our life to be there? I think of the lineage of teachers extending from the time of the Buddha, the men, women, and even children who had the courage in life to take a risk, the willingness to be different, to look at the nature of their lives and of their minds in a way that was not conventional. I feel how many people, past and present, are in some way a part of why I am sitting in that hall at that moment, and I sense their presence there too.
I couldn't even begin to trace the number of influences, encounters, conversations, meetings, partings, times of sharing great joyand times of pain or loss that have brought me to that particular time and place. It's not exactly like a slide show in my mind; it's almost more like a kaleidoscope--with just one turn, all of the glass moves and shifts into a new and different configuration and a different pattern.
This is a vast web of interconnectedness that doesn't seem to have a beginning, doesn't seem to have any solidity, doesn't seem to have any boundary.
Seeing this vision of vastness, of interconnectedness, gives rise to lovingkindness. We look at a tree and see it not as a seemingly solitary, singular entity but as a set of relationships--of elements and forces and contingencies all connecting in constant motion: the seed that was planted, and the quality of the soil that received the seed; the quality of the air, and the sunlight, the moonlight, the wind. That is the tree. In the same way, each of us in every moment is a set of relationships. That is lovingkindness. It is a view rather than a feeling. It is a view that arises from a radical perception of nonseparateness.
In teaching lovingkindness, I have found that people are afraid when they think of it as a sentiment--afraid that they're not capable of feeling it, afraid that they will feel hypocritical or complacent if they try. But lovingkindness is not a manufactured emotion. As soon as we define it as a certain feeling, we make it into an object, a thing, something we give or don't give, something we have or don't have, something we might have to produce on demand, like a card on Valentine's Day. Lovingkindness is not an object, it is an essential way of seeing that arises when we free ourselves from our normal mental habits that create division and boundaries and barriers, that create a sense of self and other. The practice of lovingkindness is a relinquishing, a coming back, a relaxing into our natural state of mind.
A teaching on the interconnectedness of all things by Sharon Salzberg
In the Buddhist tradition, bodhisattvas are those who, aspiring to enlightenment, make a resolve, "I vow to attain full enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings." That is a pretty incredible vow! It means that we recognize our own liberation is intertwined with the liberation of all beings without exception. It means that, rather than seeing other beings as adversaries, we must see them as colleagues in this endeavor of freedom. Rather than viewing others with fear or contempt, which arises from a belief in separation, we see them as part of who we ourselves are. Seeing the truth of this fundamental interconnectedness is what is known in the Eightfold Path as right view.
The Buddha said, "Just as the dawn is the forerunner and the first indication of the rising sun, so is right view the forerunner and the first indication of wholesome states." As dawn leads to sunrise, seeing the truth of our interconnectedness leads to the mind-state of lovingkindness that characterizes the bodhisattva. With lovingkindness we become the ally of all beings everywhere. We might think, "That's impossible. How can I be the ally of those who have hurt me personally, or of those who seem to intentionally hurt others? How can I care about countless beings?"
True, the bodhisattva aspiration does seem to be up against some insurmountable odds. A friend expressed this once to me when we were standing in Red Square in Moscow, which was teeming with people. There were exotic-looking gypsies and people who appeared to be stepping out of another century walking right alongside contemporary business people. Overwhelmed by the sheer numbers and the incredible variety of people, my friend turned to me and said, "I think I'm giving up my bodhisattva vow."
It may seem impossible to genuinely care about all beings everywhere. But developing the heart of lovingkindness is not about straining, not about gritting your teeth and, though seething with anger, somehow covering it over with a positive sentiment. Lovingkindness is a capacity we all have. We only have to see things as they actually are.
When we take the time to be quiet, to be still, we begin to see the web of conditions, which is the force of life itself, as it comes together to produce each moment. When we look deeply, we see constant change; we look into the face of impermanence, insubstantiality, lack of solidity. As the Buddha pointed out, given this truth, trying to control that which can never be controlled will not give us security or safety, will not give us final happiness. In fact, trying to control ever-changing and insubstantial phenomena is what gives rise to our sense of isolation and fragmentation. When we try to hold on to something that is crumbling or falling apart, and we see that not only is it crumbling but we are changing in just the same way, then there's fear, terror, separation and a lot of suffering.
If we re-vision our world and our relationship to it so that we are no longer trying to fruitlessly control but rather are connecting deeply to things as they are, then we see through the insubstantiality of all things to our fundamental interconnectedness. Being fully connected to our own experience, excluding no aspect of it, guides us right through to our connectedness with all beings. There are no barriers; there is no separation. We are not standing apart from anything or anyone. We are never alone in our suffering, and we are not alone in our joy, because all of life is a swirl of conditions, a swirl of mutual influences coming together and coming apart. By going to the heart of any one thing, we see all things. We see the very nature of life.
There was a monk in the Buddha's time, it is said, who originally came from an extremely wealthy aristocratic family. Because he had lived a very pampered life, he was ignorant about some of the simplest things, which made him the object of much teasing by the other monks. One day they asked him, "Where does rice come from, brother?" He replied, "It comes from a golden bowl." And when they asked him, "Where does milk come from, brother?" he answered, "It comes from a silver bowl."
In some ways, our own perceptions about the nature of existence may be a bit like those of that monk. When we attempt to understand how our lives work, if we do not look closely, we may see only superficial connections and relationships forming our world. Upon closer examination, we come to understand that each aspect of our present reality arises not from "golden and silver bowls" but rather from a vast ocean of conditions that come together and come apart at every moment. Seeing this is the root of compassion and lovingkindness. All things, when seen clearly, are not independent but rather are interdependent with all other things, with the universe, with life itself.
At the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the Insight Meditation Society, some young adults planted a tree in the garden. When we look at that tree, we can see it as a distinct and separate object, standing alone, a singular thing. But on another level of perception, its existence is the consequence and the manifestation of a subtle net of relationships. The idea to plant the tree had arisen in someone's mind as a thought one day, and the idea for some young people to plant it had arisen in my mind another day. The earth that received the tree had been nurtured by a succession of people who had lived at or visited IMS. The twentieth anniversary came to pass because of the enthusiasm and support of so many people over so many years. Each of the young adults who planted the tree had come to have a connection with meditation through varying life experiences.
The tree is now affected by the rain that falls upon it, by the wind that moves through and around it. It is affected by the weather and by the quality of air. We know that pollution creates acid rain, which impacts our tree. We hear that a variable as subtle as a butterfly flapping its wings in China affects the weather pattern in Massachusetts, and so events on the other side of the planet are affecting our tree. Every individual who now sees or touches the tree has arrived at IMS as the result of many forces in the universe converging to make his or her visit possible.
In the same way, we are all part of each other's life and journey toward liberation. One of my favorite things to do when I am sitting in front of a hall full of meditation students is to sense how many beings brought us all together there in one way or another. How many friends, loved ones, people we've had difficulty with, have in some way influenced our life to be there? I think of the lineage of teachers extending from the time of the Buddha, the men, women, and even children who had the courage in life to take a risk, the willingness to be different, to look at the nature of their lives and of their minds in a way that was not conventional. I feel how many people, past and present, are in some way a part of why I am sitting in that hall at that moment, and I sense their presence there too.
I couldn't even begin to trace the number of influences, encounters, conversations, meetings, partings, times of sharing great joyand times of pain or loss that have brought me to that particular time and place. It's not exactly like a slide show in my mind; it's almost more like a kaleidoscope--with just one turn, all of the glass moves and shifts into a new and different configuration and a different pattern.
This is a vast web of interconnectedness that doesn't seem to have a beginning, doesn't seem to have any solidity, doesn't seem to have any boundary.
Seeing this vision of vastness, of interconnectedness, gives rise to lovingkindness. We look at a tree and see it not as a seemingly solitary, singular entity but as a set of relationships--of elements and forces and contingencies all connecting in constant motion: the seed that was planted, and the quality of the soil that received the seed; the quality of the air, and the sunlight, the moonlight, the wind. That is the tree. In the same way, each of us in every moment is a set of relationships. That is lovingkindness. It is a view rather than a feeling. It is a view that arises from a radical perception of nonseparateness.
In teaching lovingkindness, I have found that people are afraid when they think of it as a sentiment--afraid that they're not capable of feeling it, afraid that they will feel hypocritical or complacent if they try. But lovingkindness is not a manufactured emotion. As soon as we define it as a certain feeling, we make it into an object, a thing, something we give or don't give, something we have or don't have, something we might have to produce on demand, like a card on Valentine's Day. Lovingkindness is not an object, it is an essential way of seeing that arises when we free ourselves from our normal mental habits that create division and boundaries and barriers, that create a sense of self and other. The practice of lovingkindness is a relinquishing, a coming back, a relaxing into our natural state of mind.
